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''Lythrum salicaria'' (purple loosestrife〔Flora of NW Europe: (''Lythrum salicaria'' )〕) is a flowering plant belonging to the family Lythraceae. It should not be confused with other plants sharing the name loosestrife that are members of the family Primulaceae. Other names include spiked loosestrife, or purple lythrum. ==Description== ''Lythrum salicaria'' is a herbaceous perennial plant, that can grow 1–2 m tall, forming clonal colonies 1.5 m or more in width with numerous erect stems growing from a single woody root mass. The stems are reddish-purple or red to purple and square in cross-section. The leaves are lanceolate, 3–10 cm long and 5–15 mm broad, downy and sessile, and arranged opposite or in whorls of three. The flowers are reddish purple, 10–20 mm diameter, with six petals (occasionally five) and 12 stamens ( one stamen has up to 3,000 seeds), and are clustered tightly in the axils of bracts or leaves; there are three different flower types, with the stamens and style of different lengths, short, medium or long; each flower type can only be pollinated by one of the other types, not the same type, thus ensuring cross-pollination between different plants.〔〔〔Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). ''Flora of Britain and Northern Europe''. ISBN 0-340-40170-2〕 The flowers are visited by many types of insects, and can be characterized by a generalized pollination syndrome. The fruit is a small 3–4 mm capsule〔Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, R.F. 1968. ''Excursion Flora of the British Isles''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0 521 04656 4〕 containing numerous minute seeds. Flowering lasts throughout the summer. When the seeds are mature, the leaves often turn bright red through dehydration in early autumn; the red colour may last for almost two weeks. The dead stalks from previous growing seasons are brown.〔〔〔 ''L. salicaria'' is very variable in leaf shape and degree of hairiness, and a number of subspecies and varieties have been described, but it is now generally regarded as monotypic with none of these variants being considered of botanical significance. The species ''Lythrum intermedium'' Ledeb. ex Colla is also now considered synonymous.〔〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lythrum salicaria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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